Glossary

United States
United States United States United States United States United States United States United States
Rural
All population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area
Urban
Densely developed area that includes a densely settled core and adjacent territory

Study type
A study’s objective; that is, whether the authors seek to estimate program effects, describe an aspect of a program, or examine what an intervention looks like in practice
Causal impact analysis
A study design that uses statistical methods to determine the effect of an intervention on labor-related outcomes of interest
Descriptive analysis
A study design that uses quantitative data to describe some aspect of a program, policy, or intervention; these include cost-benefit analyses or analyses of descriptive statistics
Implementation analysis
A study design that examines in depth what an intervention looks like in practice through the experiences of the organization implementing the intervention

Evidence rating
The level of confidence in a study’s ability to estimate causal impacts
High causal evidence
Strong evidence that the effects estimated in a study are solely caused by the intervention being examined
Moderate causal evidence
Evidence that the effects estimated in a study are caused by, at least in part, to the intervention being examined, but other factors not accounted for in the study might also have contributed