Recently Added
CLEAR searches the existing literature for research relevant to this topic area's focus. Browse the most recently reviewed research below.
Displaying 21 - 29 of 29
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study aimed to determine whether the number of fund options offered within a given asset class (for example, domestic equities) by a 401(k) plan influences the types of investments made by plan…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study examined factors that can affect diversification from employer stock in 401(k) plans. The study analyzed the impact of loosened diversification restrictions and media coverage of highly…Save More Tomorrow™: Using behavioral economics to increase employee saving (Thaler & Benartzi 2004)
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study aimed to determine whether a retirement savings plan that automatically increased 401(k) contributions whenever an enrolled employee’s salary increased improved savings rates among…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study examined the impact of different 401(k) plan designs on employees’ saving behavior at several U.S.-based firms. The analysis was based on administrative data provided by each company. The…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s key objective was to examine the impact of automatic 401(k) plan enrollment on enrollment rates and contribution levels at three firms in the United States. The analysis was based on…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
This study’s objective was to examine whether the number of fund options offered by a 401(k) retirement plan influenced employees’ decisions to enroll in the plan. The authors analyzed employees’…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to determine the impact of receiving information about tax-deferred retirement accounts (TDAs) on enrollment in the accounts. The study used a randomized controlled trial (…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study examined the impact of two simultaneously implemented changes in the 401(k) plan of a large, Fortune 500 company: (1) automatic enrollment into the plan immediately after hire (a change…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to determine whether 401(k) plan characteristics, including the number of total investment options offered by a 401(k) plan and the requirements for whether employers’…
CLEAR Icon Key
Below is a key for icons used to indicate important details about a study, such as its type, evidence rating, and outcome findings.
High Causal Evidence
Strong evidence the effects are caused by the examined intervention.
Moderate Causal Evidence
Evidence that the effects are caused to some degree by the examined intervention.
Low Causal Evidence
Little evidence that the effects are caused by the examined intervention.
Causal Impact Analysis
Uses quantitative methods to assess the effectiveness of a program, policy, or intervention.
Descriptive Analysis
Describes a program, policy, or intervention using qualitative or quantitative methods.
Implementation Analysis
Examines the implementation of a program, policy, or intervention.
Favorable
The study found at least one favorable impact in the outcome domain, and no unfavorable impacts.
Mixed
The study found some favorable and some unfavorable impacts in the outcome domain.
None
The study found no statistically significant impacts in the outcome domain.
Unfavorable
The study found at least one unfavorable impact in the outcome domain, and no favorable impacts.
Not applicable
Not applicable because no outcomes were examined in the outcome domain.
Favorable - low evidence
The study found at least one favorable impact in the outcome domain, and no unfavorable impacts. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.
Mixed - low evidence
The study found some favorable and some unfavorable impacts in the outcome domain. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.
None - low evidence
The study found no statistically significant impacts in the outcome domain. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.
Unfavorable - low evidence
The study found at least one unfavorable impact in the outcome domain, and no favorable impacts. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.